Rube Goldberg and Simple Machines

Rube Goldberg was born July 4, 1883 in San Francisco. He was a smart child and grew up to be an inventor, sculptor, engineer, author and cartoonist. He enjoyed drawing and creating things. He graduated from Lowell High school in San Francisco in 1900. As an adult, he made cartoon strips and invented things. He won many awards and was known around the world. He died on December 7th, 1970.

www.nndb.com

Journal Entry: Energy Transfer and Simple Machine Learning
1.) Pulley-  A pulley is a simple machine that uses grooved wheels and a rope to raise, lower or move a load weight x mass
2.) Lever- A lever is a stiff bar that rests on a support called a fulcrum which lifts or moves loads
3.) Wedge- A wedge is an object with at least one slanting side ending in a sharp edge, which cuts material apart
4.) Wheel & Axle- A wheel with a rod, called an axle, through its center lifts or moves loads
5.) Inclined Plane- An inclined plane is a slanting surface connecting a lower level to a higher level.
6.) Screw- A screw is an inclined plane wrapped around a pole which holds things together or lifts materials


Pulley




Lever



Wedge







Wheel & Axle

Inclined Plane

Screw

Newton's Laws Assessment

What are the relationships between forces and motion?
- The formula for force and motion is F=ma. When solving this, you multiply the motion x acceleration to find the force. Force is needed to create motion. Isaac Newton has three laws in which explains force and motion.

What are the variables that affect motion and force?
- The ground or friction can affect motion. Force can  be affected by someone or something that is either pushing the object or moving it.

How does Newton's three laws describe the motion of a moving object?
- Newton's three laws describe the motion of a moving object, because it describes how motion works and what could happen during it. It gives factors and many other things that affect it.

How does gravity impact objects?
- Gravity is a pull which brings objects back down to earth. Heavy objects do not float because of gravity, therefore many things are on the earth.

Proving Newton’s Second Law

 

Question

What is the relationship between force, mass and acceleration?

 

Materials used

·         …

2 spring scales, table ramp, metal car, weights, books and a table                           

Hypothesis

I think that force and mass strongly affect acceleration. It affects the speed of the object.

 

Procedure

1.)    First gather materials

-2 spring scales

-table ramp

-metal car

-weights

-books

-table

 

2.)  Set up the table ramp. Put block of wood onto books. The amount of books underneath determines the angle. As shown in the diagram.

 

3.)    Now attach a spring scale to the metal car

 

4.)    Add weights into the car. You can choose

              the amount of weights you want.

 

5.)    Next, pull on hook on spring scale, which will pull the car up the ramp. (On the spring scale, there will be a number and whatever the line is on is what the force is)

 

6.)    After determining the force, repeat the same process with different weights in the car.

 

7.)    Once you’ve done enough procedures and have enough data, graph all of your data in a line graph- force and mass on one and angle and acceleration on another graph.

 

8.)    Make sure units are correct and your data is put together.

 

9.)    Once completing the lab, clean up all of the materials carefully.

 

Results

 

Data Table

 

 

Graphs of Data

 

 

Conclusion and Analysis

From doing this lab, I learned that force and mass basically controls and affects acceleration. This lab was interesting to ma and I learned a lot.

Fantastic Forces

On Thursday February 6, we went on a field trip to the Museum of Science. During this trip, we saw a presentation of Newton's Cradle and we learned about friction. The presenter had glass cups and plates and stacked them on top of a table cloth. She then pulled the table cloth out from underneath the cups and plates really fast. The glass stayed on the table because of friction.

We then made bobsleds and raced them. We could choose a type of fabric to wrap around it and there were clips, old batteries, straws and pipe cleaners. We each made different unique designs and raced them down a hill.

The lightning show was very cool. I never knew that lightning made noise. I found it very interesting how he went into the metal cage and didn't get struck by the lightning.

The Audio kinetic sculpture was amazing. There were several pool balls that went in different directions and it was kind of difficult to follow just one. It was interesting seeing all the obstacles.

Chemistry of Life

Chemical reactions occur under the right conditions of temperature and pressure and with the proper catalyst. a catalyst can greatly increase the:
-Trace elements (less than 0.01%)
-Nitrogen (3.3%)
-Hydrogen (9.5%))
-Carbon (918.5%)
-Oxygen (65%)

Organic Macromolecules
-Carbohydrates
-Lipids
-Proteins
-Nucleic Acids

Synthesis Reaction
A+B ----> AB

Reactants A and B combine chemically to form a more complex molecule.

Chemical Reactions

Chemical Reactions happen when there is a color change, heat change, gas produced, and precipitate is formed. Precipitate is a solid that settles out. The parts of a chemical reaction are the reactants, substances that interact and are on the left side. The formula for that is Zn + 2HCI--------- ZnCl + H2.
The five general types are:

-synthesis
-decomposition
-single displacement
-double displacement
-combustion

Periodic Table

In Science class we are learning about the periodic table of elements.The Periodic Table is an organized way to put the elements together. The difference between a group and a period is that groups are vertical and the periods are horizontal. The periodic table is organized by the atomic number.